The authors concluded that the findings of sudden cardiac deaths attributable to COVID vaccine-related myocarditis warrant the careful monitoring or warning of sudden cardiac death as a potentially fatal complication of COVID-19 vaccination, especially in individuals younger than 45 years of age who received the mRNA vaccines.

The S1 protein activates human CFs by priming NLRP3 inflammasomes through NF-κB signaling in an ACE2-dependent way.

This study showed for the first time that mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccines induced cardiotoxic effects with disturbances of normal contractile function in rat cardiomyocytes. The effects of vaccines differed fundamentally in their pathophysiological mechanisms.

Individuals who were asymptomatic and underwent PET/CT within a period of 180 days following their second vaccination had increased 18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the myocardium, axilla, liver, and spleen as compared to unvaccinated individuals.

In this retrospective pharmacovigilance study of safety signals associated with myocarditis/pericarditis after the primary and up to three booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, the second dose of the vaccines showed the strongest signal in vaccinated individuals under 25 years old.

30% of patients diagnosed with long COVID syndrome had cardiac MRI signs of non-ischemic fibrosis, exceeding the prevalence of this disease in the normal adult population.

PET and MRI visualization of myocardial tissue has shown localized myocardial inflammation and edema in a small proportion of patients with symptomatic myocarditis approximately two months after COVID-19 vaccination. 

The results showed the possible association between anti-Dsg2 autoantibodies and post-COVID-19 cardiac sequelae. 

Non-invasive ultra-high-field 7 T QSM showed imaging evidence of pathophysiological changes and microstructural abnormalities in the brainstem over months after COVID-19 hospitalization.

Brain proton MR spectroscopy demonstrated decreased tNAA and Glu/Gln levels, increased Cho and tCr levels, and altered MI levels (decreased or increased depending on the severity of acute COVID-19) in the frontal brain regions of long COVID patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

These findings demonstrate characteristics and changes of the complex network known as brain functional connectome in individuals with primarily neurological symptoms of post-COVID syndrome.

Patients diagnosed with long COVID syndrome and cognitive deterioration had significantly reduced long-interval intracortical inhibition that depends on slow inhibitory post-synaptic potentials mediated through GABA receptors and an abnormal pattern of intracortical facilitation, which is associated with glutamatergic excitatory signaling.

The first task-activated BOLD-fMRI study conducted in individuals diagnosed with post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms discovered a different brain activity and reorganized working memory network in post-COVID participants.

Increased expression of VEGF and the endothelial cell marker CD34 indicates alterations, disarrangements, or remodeling of normal vasculature, associated with vascular endothelial injury and endothelitis.

Clinical findings, placental pathology, and immunohistochemical analysis strongly suggest that second-trimester maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and placentitis triggered an inflammatory response in the fetoplacental unit that affected the fetal brain.

The results showed significant level of maternal-fetal transmission of delta variant SARS-CoV-2 in later stages of mice pregnancy, and viral tropism for various fetal brain cells, like endothelial cells of blood vessels, barrier cells of the choroid plexus, neurons, and glial cells.

This study reported the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in fetal brain tissue, associated with cortical hemorrhages, and linked to reduced blood vessel integrity and monocyte infiltration of the hemorrhagic cortex. SARS-COV-2 antigens were also detected in the placenta, amnion, and umbilical cord during early gestation (the first and second trimesters of pregnancy).

The results show severe vascular remodeling of placental arteries, including severe thickening of the vessel walls and the occlusion of the vessel lumen, in women with COVID-19 during pregnancy.

The mechanism of in utero transmission to the fetal intestine remains unclear. Since viral RNA was detected in the placenta and amniotic fluid, this might be the pathway of viral transmission.

The results showed that the perimenopause (2 years prior and 2 years after the final menstrual period) is a period of increased risk of first-onset major depressive disorder and mania.

Sex-specific differences in the transcriptome of peripheral blood cells in vaccinated patients with PACS indicate possible sex-specific differences in the pathophysiology of PACS.

The authors concluded that the findings of sudden cardiac deaths attributable to COVID vaccine-related myocarditis warrant the careful monitoring or warning of sudden cardiac death as a potentially fatal complication of COVID-19 vaccination, especially in individuals younger than 45 years of age who received the mRNA vaccines.

Circulating proteins associated with extracellular matrix organization were overrepresented in women, while those reflecting apoptotic processes were overrepresented in men. The predictive value of circulating proteins measured repeatedly did not differ between sexes, except for endothelin-1 and somatostatin.

The specific changes in physiology and neuroplasticity in the maternal brain during pregnancy prepare the mother for the challenges of motherhood and contribute to the survival of the offspring.

A persistent hypotestosteronemia in certain patients with COVID-19 or long COVID syndrome could be of hypothalamic origin due to impaired GnRH function, or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

The expression of HERVs in pregnant women with MS was reduced compared to healthy pregnant women.

In this retrospective pharmacovigilance study of safety signals associated with myocarditis/pericarditis after the primary and up to three booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, the second dose of the vaccines showed the strongest signal in vaccinated individuals under 25 years old.

This study revealed a gender-specific association between depressive symptoms and specific forms of childhood trauma in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In women, the severity of depressive symptoms was associated with childhood sexual abuse, which was three times as often as in men.

This study found a positive association between the overall consumption of ultra-processed foods and the increased risk of colorectal cancer in men. The association was limited to distal colon cancer.

The increased CGRP release from the trigeminal-vascular system during menstruation could explain the biological predisposition to more frequent, severe, and prolonged migraine attacks during this period

Sex-specific differences in brain functional connectivity are present in utero in a way that is consistent and reliable enough to be highly identifiable.

Participants who experienced slow recovery after sport-related brain concussion were more likely to be women and have more symptoms immediately after injury.

This study, conducted in two large US prospective cohorts, found that the risk of dementia-related mortality was 28% lower in participants who consumed more than 7 grams per day of olive oil than in participants who never or rarely consumed olive oil.

In patients with remission of ulcerative colitis, the Mediterranean diet, compared to the habitual diet, induced changes in the gut microbiome, reduced fecal calprotectin concentrations, and increased fecal short-chain fatty acid levels.

This network meta-analysis determined the relative efficacy of structured diet and health behavior programs (dietary programs) for preventing mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. 

Participants with the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet had a 23% lower risk to develop dementia than those with the lowest level of adherence.