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AHA presidental advisory provides the definition of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome syndrome and the guidance on how to better detect, prevent, and manage it.
This review article discusses the new perspective of glaucoma as a tau-associated disorder, and analyzes the recent findings on the link between tau protein dysregulation and glaucomatous neurodegeneration.
Two receptor antibodies (angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibodies and alpha-2B adrenergic receptor) and serum levels of IL-6/IL-8 can distinguish individuals with PCVS from vaccinated individuals who did not develop PCVS.
A case series of a new onset small fiber neuropathy after COVID-19. Some patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.
This study demonstrated differences in immune profiles and hormone levels in individuals with long COVID, more than one year after acute infection.
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a higher rate of febrile seizures and unconsciousness in infected children than the non-Omicron variants.
The patients with inflammatory bowel disease had an increased long-term risk of developing cardiac arrhythmias, with the exception of bradyarrhythmias
This study demonstrates diversity of intracellular microbes in immune cells of healthy individuals, SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, and COVID-19 recovered individuals.
These results show a decrease in corneal nerve density and branch density, as well as an increase in dendritic cell density in patients with long COVID in comparison to the control group.
Chinese researchers propose the classification of SARS-CoV-2 variants into five serotypes based on the antigenicity of the receptor-binding domain
In hamsters infected with the original Wuhan strain, or the three viral variants, anosmia was strongly dependent on the SARS-CoV-2 variant.
The rosmarinic acid effectively reduces intestinal inflammation, intestinal flora dysbiosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell death, and intestinal smooth muscle contraction abnormalities through the regulation of intestinal microbiota.
Other Entries
This study showed that SARS-CoV-2 infects CD4+ T cells, and that the S glycoprotein binds directly to the CD4 molecule.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can cross-react with DENV-2 and enhance Dengue virus infection through antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE).
Two case series studies demonstrated that four patients with long COVID improved with chronic use of acyclovir.
Transfer of fecal material from Alzheimer’s disease patients to healthy young adult rats resulted in cognitive symptoms and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis.
A significant proportion (29%) of healthcare workers developed de novo autoantibody production after mRNA-based anti-SARSCoV-2 vaccination.
Alterations in neurometabolites that indicate neuronal damage and glial dysfunction in the brains of subjects with long COVID syndrome
50% of subjects who received mRNA-based vaccines had specific fragments of recombinant S protein in their blood samples 2–6 months after vaccination.
Activation of HERVs and inflammatory mediators in children with COVID19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease.
The results show that a simplified two-layer cerebral cortical tissue can be produced using a droplet-based 3D-printing. Implantation of these constructs into ex vivo mouse brain explants demonstrated the structural integration of the implants and their correlated Ca2+ oscillations.
A whole-body positron emission tomography with a novel radiopharmaceutical [18F]F-AraG showed increased T cell activation in numerous anatomical regions in the post-acute COVID up to 2.5 years after initial infection.
Individuals who were asymptomatic and underwent PET/CT within a period of 1–180 days following their second vaccination exhibited increased myocardial 18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake as compared to unvaccinated individuals.
Recombinant full-length S protein and RBD can stimulate human microglia to secrete various proinflammatory mediators via activation of different receptors.
A culture-based study, using the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus, has shown that antiviral drugs have previously unrecognized antibacterial properties that may contribute to antibiotic resistance burden.
The first genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified genetic variants within the FOXP4 locus as a risk factor for long COVID.
BA.2.86 is highly immune evasive and may have advantages over currently circulating variants in its ability to resist XBB-induced humoral immunity.
Brain regions most frequently affected by childhood abuse include the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum, and cerebellum.
The majority of patients with locked-in syndrome remain severely disabled, but, even small improvements in function can significantly increase the potential for activity and participation.
The S protein binds to LPS through multiple sites on the S1 and S2 subunits, and that this interaction enhances the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo.
The S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces endothelial inflammation via ACE2 through processes that are independent of viral replication.
41% of 152 young brain donors who were exposed to repeated head impacts and who donated their brain to the UNITE Brain Bank, had chronic traumatic encephalopathy
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine alters cytokine responses to heterologous stimulants (killed pathogens, Toll-like receptor agonists, and SARS-CoV-2 antigens) in children, and that these effects can persist for up to six months after vaccination.
Results showed that semorinemab had a modest positive cognitive effect in patients with mild to moderate AD, but, did not result in improved functional or global outcomes.
This study showed that SARS-CoV-2 is connected with HERV-ENV expression and elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with psychosis spectrum disorder who had no history of acute COVID-19 infection and had not been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2.
According to the results of the study, the scientists concluded that the SARS-CoV-2 isolates are formed by a completely new mechanism that cannot be explained by previous biology and that it is highly unlikely that these viruses arose spontaneously.
The study showed that the HERV-W ENV protein was expressed in 58% of plasma samples from post-COVID patients, long after the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection was resolved.
IL-6 receptor blocker tocilizumab rapidly improved the condition in both patients with severe, acute manifestations of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).
This study showed that SARS-CoV-2 infected macrophages in coronary atherosclerotic lesions, resulting in plaque inflammation that may promote acute cardiovascular complications.
The retrospective pharmacovigilance study with a comprehensive analysis of potential safety signals associated with myocarditis/pericarditis after the primary and up to three booster doses of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in different age groups.
The Wuhan wild-type strain and the Omicron variant induced stress of CNS cells, altered extracellular glutamate concentration, and damaged cellular components of the BBB.
An uncommon disease, hemorrhagic myelitis was presented in three cases following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with minimal or no improvement during follow-up.
Three metabolites from catabolism of two essential amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine, represent possible candidates for ‘toxic’ gut–brain communication in patients with multiple sclerosis.
The tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 (IDO2) is expressed in PBMC and brain tissue from patients with PASC and involved in PASC pathology.
The perturbation of the infant’s gut microbiota caused by Cesarean section was associated with higher risks of respiratory infection in the first months of life. Exclusive breastfeeding mitigated these delivery mode-induced changes in the infant’s gut microbiota, resulting in decreased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
Mitochondrial dysfunction, redox state imbalance, impaired energy metabolism, and chronic immune dysregulation are likely to be the main hallmarks of long COVID, even two years after acute infection.
The study presented two cases who met the criteria for a new leprosy adverse event associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
This theoretical paper discusses the possible interactions between intracellular pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoan parasites when they concurrently infect the same host cells. Concurrent intracellular pathogens can lead to T-cell exhaustion and subvert innate and adaptive immune defenses, with severe consequences.
Impaired systolic and diastolic myocardial deformation and the persistent late gadolinium enhancement were found in a significant subset of patients.
In a recent case report, the authors from the US have warned about an increase in the incidence of leprosy cases without traditional risk factors in Florida, and rising evidence that leprosy has become endemic in the southeastern United States.
The study demonstrated that severity of depressive symptoms was associated with specific forms of childhood trauma in men and women with recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
The Pan American Health Organization as the regional office for the World Health Organization in the Americas issued a briefing note on July 10, 2023, regarding the unusual increase of cases of Guillain Barré Syndrome in different parts of Peru.
The findings showed that myocardial injury after mRNA-1273 booster vaccination occurred in one out of 35 people (2.8%), which was higher than incidence estimated in meta-analyses of hospitalized cases with myocarditis (incidence of 0.0035%) after the second vaccination.
The totals of intracranial hemorrhage resulting from a combination of hemorrhagic stroke and other causes of intracerebral hemorrhage, such as subdural, extradural, and subarachnoid bleeding, were significantly higher among individuals treated with aspirin than in individuals assigned to placebo.
On July 24, 2023, the World Health Organization announced a case of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in the United Arab Emirates.
The findings showed that SRC-3 is a key modulator of Tregs–mediated tumor escape. A disruption in the expression of SRC-3 in Tregs resulted in a complete elimination of tumors in aggressive syngeneic breast cancer mouse models.
AEF0117 is the first member of a novel pharmacological class of inhibitors, called CB1-SSi, that change the activity of the target receptor in a signaling-specific manner.
The original SARS-CoV-2 S gene and the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine exhibit Watson-Crick nucleotide complementarity with human coding or noncoding genes. The patterns of sequence complementarity to the human genome of the BNT162b2 mRNA, encoding the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, differed from those of the original SARS-CoV-2 S gene.
These findings revealed different patterns of anti-chemokine autoantibodies in recovered convalescents after COVID-19 and patients with long COVID
The use of ADHD medications was associated with a reduced risk of attempted or completed suicide, possibly due to diminished impulsivity. Treatment with antidepressants, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers does not seem to reduce suicidal behavior in patients with BPD.
The fragment SF5 of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein exhibits strong binding ability and mediates the binding of the full-length S protein.
A systematic review of the medical literature, that included cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) which occurred after severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection or anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.