Non-invasive ultra-high-field 7 T QSM showed imaging evidence of pathophysiological changes and microstructural abnormalities in the brainstem over months after COVID-19 hospitalization.
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Long COVID/Post-vaccination syndrome & Nervous system (The Brain Structural and Functional Changes)
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Neurometabolite concentrations show neuronal injury and glial dysfunction in the frontal brain regions of patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms of long COVID (proton MR spectroscopy study)
Brain proton MR spectroscopy demonstrated decreased tNAA and Glu/Gln levels, increased Cho and tCr levels, and altered MI levels (decreased or increased depending on the severity of acute COVID-19) in the frontal brain regions of long COVID patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Changes in the brain functional connectivity were associated with cognitive dysfunction in individuals with neurological manifestations of post-acute COVID syndrome
These findings demonstrate characteristics and changes of the complex network known as brain functional connectome in individuals with primarily neurological symptoms of post-COVID syndrome.
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In patients with long COVID syndrome and cognitive deterioration, transcranial magnetic stimulation demonstrated abnormal GABAergic and glutamatergic regulation of the motor cortex excitability
Patients diagnosed with long COVID syndrome and cognitive deterioration had significantly reduced long-interval intracortical inhibition that depends on slow inhibitory post-synaptic potentials mediated through GABA receptors and an abnormal pattern of intracortical facilitation, which is associated with glutamatergic excitatory signaling.
Individuals with neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-acute COVID syndrome have abnormal brain activation during working memory tasks and performed worse in the domains of endurance, locomotion, and the manual dexterity of the dominant hand (BOLD-fMRI study)
The first task-activated BOLD-fMRI study conducted in individuals diagnosed with post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms discovered a different brain activity and reorganized working memory network in post-COVID participants.
