Neuroscience

Diffusion tensor imaging parameters were used to investigate microstructural abnormalities of brain tissue in individuals diagnosed with ME/CFS

Inhibition of NHE1, an important pH-regulating plasma membrane protein resulted in a reduction of pathological signatures and improved locomotor and cognitive recovery in a mouse model of repetitive mild TBI.

This case report presented a patient who developed autoimmune anti-GABAA receptor encephalitis after double autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

41% of of deceased young athletes who played contact sports and were exposed to repeated head impacts had chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

A specific signaling axis, immunoglobulin (Ig)G1-CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), is a potential predictor of MS disease activity and/or conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to relapsing-remitting MS.

The specific changes in physiology and neuroplasticity in the maternal brain during pregnancy prepare the mother for the challenges of motherhood and contribute to the survival of the offspring.

This study has shown, for the first time, that neurons can form physiologically relevant excitatory glutamatergic synapses with metastatic cells of non-neural cancers.

The expression of HERVs in pregnant women with MS was reduced compared to healthy pregnant women.

Transfer of fecal materials from Alzheimer’s disease patients to healthy young adult rats resulted in cognitive deficits and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis.

The authors fabricated the two-layer cerebral cortical tissue containing simplified cortical columns by a droplet-based 3D printing technique with human-induced pluripotent stem cells.

This MRI study has shown that volumes of the amygdala and hippocampus, as well as the cortical thickness of the prefrontal cortex, were altered in sexually abused adolescents compared to non-abused adolescents.

The majority of patients with locked-in syndrome remain severely disabled, but, even small improvements in function can significantly increase the potential for activity and participation.

Results showed that semorinemab had a modest positive cognitive effect in patients with mild to moderate AD, but, did not result in improved functional or global outcomes.

Three metabolites from catabolism of two essential amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine, represent possible candidates for ‘toxic’ gut–brain communication in patients with multiple sclerosis.

The Pan American Health Organization as the regional office for the World Health Organization in the Americas issued a briefing note on July 10, 2023, regarding the unusual increase of cases of Guillain Barré Syndrome in different parts of Peru.

The totals of intracranial hemorrhage resulting from a combination of hemorrhagic stroke and other causes of intracerebral hemorrhage, such as subdural, extradural, and subarachnoid bleeding, were significantly higher among individuals treated with aspirin than in individuals assigned to placebo.

This case report presented an association between a rare heterozygous CFI mutation and neurological manifestations with more than 15 episodes of aseptic neutrophilic meningitis, seizures, and persistent cognitive impairments.

This study reports the results of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 32 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

This study revealed that bone marrow, as the primary site of hematopoiesis, has an unrecognized role in MS, promoting intimate interactions between autoreactive T-cells and hematopoietic cells.

The increased CGRP release from the trigeminal-vascular system during menstruation could explain the biological predisposition to more frequent, severe, and prolonged migraine attacks during this period

Gender-specific differences in brain structure and function are observed throughout development and are believed to contribute to differences in behavior, cognition, and the presentation of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Women have a delayed resolution of sports-related post-concussive symptoms compared to men, and a greater number of neurological and behavioral symptoms, such as increased reaction times and more difficulties with visual memory tasks.

This first tractography study investigated the relationship between the volumes and microstructural properties of callosal subregions and the degree of language lateralization.